Surabaya East Coast (Pamurbaya = Pantai Timur Surabaya)

 

East Coast of Surabaya or Pamurbaya, is a mangrove forest on the east coast of Surabaya, Indonesia. Administratively, Pamurbaya includes 4 Sub-Districts in 3 Districts. There are Keputih in District Sukolilo, Wonorejo and Medokan Ayu in District Rungkut, and Sub-District Gunung Anyar Tambak in the District of Gunung Anyar. Geographically, the location of Pamurbaya extends from south to north with a limit of 112deg 47' 52.52" EL; 112deg 50' 47.34" EL; and 7deg 15' 30" SL; 7deg 20' 45" SL. In which Pamurbaya's ecosystem dominated by ponds, marshes and mangrove forests. Pamurbaya also became the estuary of 7 river that crosses Surabaya. Among them:

1. Tambak-Oso River which is also the administrative boundaries of Surabaya and Sidoarjo.
2. Kebon Agung River which is also the administrative boundaries of Gunung Anyar District and Rungkut District.
3. Medayu River which is also the administrative boundary between Sub-District Medokan Ayu and Sub-District Wonorejo.
4. Jagir or Kalimas River which is the Brantas River basin.
5. Bokor River.
6. Damai River which is also the administrative boundary between Sub-District Keputih and Sub-District Mulyorejo.
7. Alo River.

The meeting between the rivers and the sea is forming the brackish conditions in Pamurbaya. Ie a mixture of salty sea water with water from the mainland that tasteless.

The size of Pamurbaya is approximately 2534 Ha. And, based on spatial analysis, image-year comparison between 1972 to 2009, there were wide differences of 1136 Ha. These differences arise because of sedimentation (deposition of material from the mainland) that accumulate and add to the mainland. This new land is often referred to as soil or arising soil. Looking at the current condition of sedimentation, estimated Pamurbaya will widen in the future.

Besides of the important addition to the conservation of birds, Pamurbaya presence is also important in controlling floods in Surabaya. Because, the location of Pamurbaya is located at the end of the river in Surabaya. Ecologically, the presence of mangrove forests in this area serves to protect the shore from abrasion coast. It also serves to protect coastal biodiversity remaining in Surabaya. For Surabayan people, the existence of mangrove forests in Pamurbaya is helping infiltration or absorption of sea water into the ground water.

Pamurbaya is home to various species of birds and animals are hard to find in other areas. No less than 137 species of birds inhabit Pamurbaya. Some of them are typical of mangrove birds. As mangrove Sikatan  (Cyornis rufigastra). There are 23 kinds of migratory birds that stop in every year Pamurbaya. In addition, also the home Pamurbaya some several endemic of Java birds (only). For example, a Cerek Java (Charadrius javanicus) and also the last habitat of Bubut Java (Centropus nigrorufous). In addition to bird species is the main occupants, in Pamurbaya is still found groups of wild long-tailed monkey (Macaca fascicularis). They live in groups (colonies) which consists of several males and females but only one dominant male. Its main food is the young leaves and mangrove fruits such as Pidada (Sonneratia caseolaris). There are several long-tailed monkey colonies inhabiting Pamurbaya. Each member of the colony had between 5 and 20 of the tail. And monkeys are halping spread the seeds of plants mangrove forests. Pamurbaya also be the location of refuge for species of reptiles. Like Sanca snake (Python reticulatus), Monitor lizard (Varanus salvator), Percil Java (Microhyla acanthine) and the Pond snake (Cerberus rhynchops). While the fish that often found at Pamurbaya is a domestic fish which being pond commodity. Such as Mujaer, Manyung, Wader, Sembilang, and so on.